Pharmacology of Endocrine Disorders, Thyroid Disorders and Diabetes: MCQs

Pharmacology of Endocrine Disorders, Thyroid Disorders and Diabetes

Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following drug and its mechanism of action is incorrect?

a) Sulfonylureas: promotes insulin release from the β cells of pancreas
b) Biguanides: improves target cell response to insulin without increasing pancreatic insulin secretion
c) Thiazolidinediones: promotes insulin release from the β cells of pancreas
d) α-glucosidase inhibitors: reversible inhibition of membrane bound α glucosidase in the intestine

2) Followings are the side effects of insulin except

a) Lipodystrophy
b) Hypoglycemia
c) Local injection site reactions
d) Anorexia

3) Following statements about type I diabetes are/is true except:

a) Shows classic symptoms of insulin deficiency as polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria
b) Age of onset is commonly over 35 years of age
c) Obesity is usually present
d) Absolute deficiency of insulin caused by destroyed β cells
e) a, c and d
f) a and d

4) In case of heart failure with history of Type II diabetes, which of the following drugs would be a poor choice in controlling diabetes?

a) Glipizide
b) Pioglitazone
c) Metformin
d) Acarbose

5) Which of the following antidiabetic agent is least likely to cause hypoglycemia?

a) Metformin
b) Chlorpropamide
c) Insulin
d) Glyburide

6) Which of the following statement about insulin administration is incorrect?

a) Insulin is degraded in gastrointestinal tract if taken orally
b) In a hyperglycemic emergency, regular insulin is injected intravenously
c) Insulin is administered by intramuscular injection
d) Insulin is administered by subcutaneous injection

7) Following are the drugs that may reduce the effects of sulfonylureas except

a) Sulfonamides
b) Atypical antipsychotics
c) Corticosteroids
d) Diuretics

8) Which effect on glucose metabolism is exerted by Metformin?

a) Reduction in hepatic glucose output
b) Promotes insulin secretion
c) Increases hepatic glucose uptake
d) All of the above

9) What is the mechanism of action of Pioglitazone?

a) Increase release of endogenous insulin
b) Increase Hepatic gluconeogenesis
c) Increase target tissue sensitivity to insulin
d) Decrease intestinal absorption of glucose

10) Symptoms of hypothyroidism include all of the following except

a) Bradycardia
b) Mental slowing
c) Poor resistance to heat
d) Physical slowing

11) Goitrogens produce all of the following effects except

a) Suppress T3 & T4 secretion
b) Increase TSH levels
c) Goiter
d) Destroy thyroid tissue

12) Metyrapone is useful in testing the endocrine function of the

a) α cells of pancreatic islets
b) β cells of pancreatic islets
c) Neurohypophysis
d) Pituitary adrenal axis

13) Toxic effect of corticosteroids includes all of the following except

a) Hypoglycemia
b) Osteoporosis
c) Growth inhibition
d) Cushing’s syndrome

14) All of the following are useful in the therapy of hypercalcemia except

a) Calcitonin
b) Glucocorticoids
c) Vitamin D
d) Parenteral infusion of phosphate

15) The mechanism of action of Methimazole is

a) Inhibition of iodination of iodide
b) Inhibition of thyroid perioxidase
c) Inhibition of coupling of iodotyrosines
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

16) Which of the following adrenal steroids has the lowest mineralocorticoid activity?

a) Prednisolone
b) Hydrocortisone
c) Prednisone
d) Dexamethasone

17) Which of the following is NOT an indication for the use of adrenal steroids?

a) Acute attack of bronchial asthma
b) Angina pectoris
c) Addison’s disease
d) Acute lymphatic leukemia

18) All of the followings are the features of Cushing’s syndrome except:

a) Buffalo torso
b) Moon face
c) Acne and hirsutism
d) All of the above

19) The mechanism of action of 131I is:

a) Inhibition of its own transport
b) Inhibition of iodine trapping
c) Thyroid cells necrosis without damaging neighboring cells
d) Inhibition of organification of iodine

20) Which of the following statement is incorrect?

a) Ca2+ is absorbed by facilitated diffusion in intestine
b) Calcitonin decreases Ca2+ reabsorption

c) Phenytoin increases Ca2+ absorption
d) Ca2+ absorption is interfered by oxalates

Multiple Choice Answers

1-c) Thiazolidinediones: promotes insulin release from the β cells of pancreas 

2-d) Anorexia

3-f) a and d 

4-b) Pioglitazone 

5-a) Metformin 

6-c) Insulin is administered by intramuscular injection 

7-a) Metformin 

6-c) Insulin is administered by intramuscular injection 

7-a) Sulfonamides

8-a) Reduction in hepatic glucose output 

9)-c) Increase target tissue sensitivity to insulin

10-d) Destroy thyroid tissue 

12-d) Pituitary adrenal axis

13-a) Hypoglycemia

14-c) Vitamin D

15-d) All of the above

16-d) Dexamethasone

17-b) Angina pectoris

18-d) All of the above

19-c) Thyroid cells necrosis without damaging neighboring cells

20-b) Calcitonin decreases Ca2+ reabsorption