BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACEUTICS

                           Multiple Choice Question with answers on Chlamydia spp 1) Which of the following Chlamydia spp are human pathogens?  Select from all the options given below: a) Chlamydia pecorum b) Chlamydia psittaci c) Chlamydia trachomatis d) Chlamydia pnuemoniae 2) Which of the following is a common specimen used for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted chlamydial infections that occur in both men and women? a) Oral swab b) Cerebrospinal fluid c) Urine d) Skin biopsy 3) What type of methods are important laboratory approaches for the diagnosis of genital Chlamydia spp  infections?  Select all the correct answers: a) Specimen culture in McCoy cell tissue culture b) Direct fluorescent antibody and Enzyme-linked immunoassay c) Serological tests d) Nucleic acid amplification test 4) Chlamydia is one of the major pathogens that cause sexually transmitted diseases. What i...

                                 MCQs on Bacillus spp ( Bacillus anthracis )                                                    Figure: B. anthracis culture gram stain 1. What is the Gram stain appearance of Bacillus anthracis? a) Acid-fast b) Gram-positive     c) Gram-negative d) Gram-variable 2. What is a key distinctive feature of B. anthracis that allows it to survive adverse environmental conditions? a) Capsule formation b) Hemolysis c) Motility     d) Oxygen requirement 3. Which structure in B. anthracis plays a crucial role in evading the host immune system and is a virulence factor? a) Capsule    b) Cell wall c) Endospores d) Flagella 4. .................................... laid the foundation for establishing a causative rel...

       Lesch Nyhan Syndrome: Clinical Presentation and Biochemical Diagnosis A 3-year-old child was brought to the hospital with a complaint of self-mutilation. He had a chronic ulcer on the buccal surface of his lips, and self-inflicted trauma by biting his finger. History revealed that severe motor retardation was apparent at the age 6 months old and he has never been able to lift or support his trunk.  The growth chart showed that he has growth retardation. Biochemical analysis was performed which is represented below : Serum Uric acid: 9.0 mg/dL Blood Urea : 32 mg/dL Serum Sodium : 139 mmol/l Potassium: 5.1 mmol/l Calcium 39 mmol/l Total Protein: 70 g/L Albumin: 23 g/L Urinary Uric acid: 160mg/100 ml Urinary Glucose: Absent Urinary Protein: Absent Microscopic urine examination: triphosphate crystals Diagnosis? Provisional Diagnosis : Based on the behavioral pattern of self-mutilation, growth retardation, dystonia, and increased serum and ...