BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACEUTICS

Multiple Choice Question on Heme synthesis & Related Inherited Disease (Porphyria) In this page, we will review the multiple-choice practice questions on heme synthesis and related inherited disorders including hepatic and erythropoietic porphyria. The biological importance of heme, heme biosynthesis, regulation of heme synthesis, diagnosis, and treatment of porphyria are discussed elsewhere and a link for the page is provided below.   Heme is an essential molecule for various biological functions. It plays a crucial role in oxygen transport, energy metabolism, and the functioning of various enzymes. Heme synthesis is regulated to maintain the balance of heme levels in the body. The regulation is primarily achieved through feedback inhibition, where the final product, heme, inhibits the activity of the enzyme ALA synthase to prevent excess heme production. Please review the topics by clicking the link provided below: Page Links  Heme Biosynthesis and Regulation  Disor...

                                                     MCQs on Urinary Tract Infection, UTI 1) Which of the following is the least common microorganism isolated from urinary tract infections? a) Escherichia coli     b) Streptococcus pyogenes     c) Proteus vulgaris d) Enterococcus faecalis 2) A higher percentage of women get UTIs compared to men, what are the possible risk factors for developing the infection.  Select all the correct answers ? a) Poor hygiene practices during the periods            b) The anatomy of the urinary system of the women         c) Change in the size of a uterus in pregnancy       d) Hormonal changes during menopause         3) Which of the following is Not the most common infection term used for ...

                              MCQ on Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) 1. A 10-month-old male infant is presented to the emergency department with symptoms of fever, cough, runny nose, and difficulty breathing. The parents reported that the symptoms had been present for 3 days and had progressively worsened. The infant was born healthy and full-term with no underlying disease. Upon examination, the infant was breathing rapidly with increased respiratory effort. His temperature was 101.5°F (38.6°C), heart rate was 160 beats per minute. Lung examination revealed bilateral wheezing and crackles. A nasal swab was collected and sent for the laboratory diagnosis. The test results were positive for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Which of the following is the typical mode of transmission for RSV to spread? a) Respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing   b) Sexual contact with infected person c) Ingestio...

Multiple Choice Question on Mumps, Measles, and Rubella viruses. MMR vaccine 1) Paramyxoviruses consists all of the following properties, EXCEPT? a) Consists of a segmented genome b) Envelope contains glycoprotein which has fusion activity c) Have negative RNA genome d) Replicate in the cytoplasm 2)  Each of the following pathogens can cause respiratory infections in humans, EXCEPT ? a) Respiratory syncytial virus b) Parainfluenza virus c) Measles virus d) Rabies virus 3) Respiratory syncytial virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract of the lungs, it can cause bronchiolitis, and pneumonia in children and elderly people.  Which of the following virus is not a common pathogen found in lower respiratory tract infections? a) Rhinovirus b) Metapneumovirus c) Influenza virus d) Respiratory syncytial virus 4) Which of the following is an example of the natural hosts of the Mumps virus? a) Pigs b) Bats c) Horses d) Humans 5) Meas...

                                                        Multiple Choice Questions on Parasite / Protozoa 1. Which of the following is an important and common specimen taken for the microscopic detection of malarial parasites in humans? a) Stool b) Sputum c) Blood      d) Urine 2. Which of the following parasite is transmitted to humans through exposure to cat feces? a) Trichomonas vaginalis b) Toxoplasma gondii          c) Entamoeaba histolytica d) Plasmodium falciparum 3. Which of the following parasite is a common cause of diarrhea in humans and some animals? a) Giardia lamblia      b)   Leishmania donovani c) Toxoplasma gondii d)  Pneumocystis carinii 4. Which of the following protozoan parasite can be spread to humans by the bite of a sandfly? a) Entamoeba histolytica b) Plasmo...

                                Sterilization, disinfection, and aseptic procedure 1) Identify all the commonly used physical methods for the sterilization process in healthcare facilities including microbiology laboratories, hospitals, and biotechnology industries a) Dry heat b) Ionizing gamma Radiation c) Moist heat (steam under pressure) d) Phenols e) Filtration 2) Autoclave is a widely used equipment for the sterilization process in microbiology laboratory, it is an example of moist heat method. Which of the following is the recommended heat temperature and time period for the moist heat sterilization process conducted in an autoclave? a) 180 degree C for 5 minutes b) 121 degree C for 15 minutes c) 126 degree C for 3 minutes      d) 160 degree C for 45 minutes 3) What is the correct statement for the term 'Bioburden' ? a) The number of microorganisms present on the surface b) The bacteria...