MCQ on Anemia Classification, Pathogenesis and Diagnosis: Pathology

Multiple Choice Question on Classification, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis of Anemia

1) Anemia is a reduction of total circulating red cell mass below the normal limits. The classical symptoms include palpitation, dizziness, angina, pallor of skin and nails, weakness, etc. 

Which of the following laboratory parameter is used to classify anemia into microcytic, normocytic, or macrocytic?

a) Mean Corpuscular Volume

b) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

c) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration 

d) Red Cell Distribution Width

2) Based on the size of the red blood cells, microcytic anemia is defined when the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is ...................................

a) Less than 80 fL/cell

b) Less than 120 fL/cell

c) Less than 160 fL/cell

d) Less than 200 fL/cell

3) Which of the following condition is not associated with microcytic anemia?

a) Iron Deficiency Anemia 

b) Aplastic Anemia 

c) Sieroblastic Anemia 

d) Thalassemia 

4) Identify the pathological condition associated with normocytic anemia

a) Sickle Cell Anemia 

b) G6PD deficiency

c) Aplastic Anemia 

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

5) Identify the pathological condition associated with macrocytic anemia

a) Sideroblastic anemia  

b) Folic acid deficiency

c) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 

d) Myelofibrosis

6) Identify the anemia caused by diminished erythropoiesis 

a) Megaloblastic anemia

b) Iron deficiency anemia 

c) Aplastic Anemia 

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

7) Identify the underlying cause of hemolytic anemia from the following choices

a) Sickle-cell Disease

b) G6PD deficiency

c) Thalassemia 

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

8) Which of the following iron testing panel represents the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia?

a) Increased Iron, Increased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Decreased Serum Ferritin

b) Decreased Iron, Increased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Decreased Serum Ferritin

c) Decreased Iron, Decreased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Increased Serum Ferritin

d) Decreased Iron, Normal TIBC, Normal % Saturation, Decreased Serum Ferritin

9) Which of the following iron testing panel represents the diagnosis of anemia of chronic disease?

a) Increased Iron, Increased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Decreased Serum Ferritin

b) Decreased Iron, Increased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Decreased Serum Ferritin

c) Decreased Iron, Decreased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Increased Serum Ferritin

d) Decreased Iron, Normal TIBC, Normal % Saturation, Decreased Serum Ferritin

10) Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a defect involving ankyrin and spectrin in the erythrocyte membrane; this causes a decrease in the erythrocyte surface membrane. 

Which of the following statement is true regarding spherocytosis?

a) Decreased Osmotic Fragility

b) Mild Hemolytic Anemia 

c) Normal MCH

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

12) Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is hemolytic anemia caused by an acquired somatic mutation of a gene (PIGA) that encodes an anchor for proteins (CD55 and CD59) in the cell membrane. Identify the correct statement regarding PNH

a) Mutation of PIGA gene causes complement-mediated lysis of red blood cells

b) May causes pancytopenia and venous thrombosis

c) Increases the antibodies against Rh antigen on erythrocytes 

d) All of the above

13) Identify the underlying cause of hemolytic anemia from the following?

a) Pyruvate kinase deficiency

b) Hereditary elliptocytosis

c) Hereditary spherocytosis

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

14) Hereditary elliptocytosis is caused by.........................................................

a) Mutation of gene encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase

b) Mutation of gene encoding spectrin

c) Mutation of gene encoding ankyrin

d) All of the above

e) None of the above 

15) Polycythemia refers to increased red cell mass. 

Polycythemia occurs from which of the following conditions?

a) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

b) Cyanotic congenital heart disease 

c) Renal cell carcinoma 

d) All of the above 

e) None of the above

16) Aplastic anemia refers to a syndrome of chronic primary hematopoietic failure and attendant pancytopenia. 

Which of the following is not the acquired etiology of aplastic anemia?

a) Alkylating agents

b) Chloramphenicol

c) Fanconi syndrome

d) Cytomegalovirus infection

 

MCQ Answers:

1-a) Mean Corpuscular Volume

2-a) Less than 80 fL/cell
3-a) Iron Deficiency Anemia 

4-d) All of the above

5-b) Folic acid deficiency

6-d) All of the above

7-d) All of the above

8-b) Decreased Iron, Increased T IBC, Decreased % Saturation & Decreased Serum Ferritin

9-c) Decreased Iron, Decreased TIBC, Decreased % Saturation & Increased Serum Ferritin

10-b) Mild Hemolytic Anemia 

11-d) All of the above

12-Option a & b

13-d) All of the above

14-b) Mutation of gene encoding spectrin

15-d) All of the above

16-c) Fanconi syndrome