MCQs on Viral pathogenesis
1. What is the term for the specific molecule or structure on host cells to which a virus attaches?
a) Antibody
b) Enzyme
c) Receptor
d) Pathogen
2. What is a cytopathic effect (CPE) in the context of viral infections?
a) A type of antiviral medication
b) A viral receptor
c) A viral entry mechanism
d) Damage or structural changes in host cells caused by viral infection
3. Which immune response is responsible for eliminating virus-infected cells by directly killing them?
a) Antigen-presenting response
b) Cell-mediated immune response
c) Humoral immune response
d) Innate immune response
4. How do RNA viruses replicate in host cells?
a) By directly translating their RNA into proteins
b) By using a reverse transcriptase enzyme to make a DNA copy
c) By integrating their genome into the host cell's DNA
d) By undergoing binary fission
5. Which of the following is an example of a highly contagoius DNA virus that causes cold sores or blisters around the mouth and on the face?
a) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
b) Herpes simplex virus
c) Influenza virus
d) Rabies virus
1. What is the term for the specific molecule or structure on host cells to which a virus attaches?
a) Antibody
b) Enzyme
c) Receptor
d) Pathogen
2. What is a cytopathic effect (CPE) in the context of viral infections?
a) A type of antiviral medication
b) A viral receptor
c) A viral entry mechanism
d) Damage or structural changes in host cells caused by viral infection
3. Which immune response is responsible for eliminating virus-infected cells by directly killing them?
a) Antigen-presenting response
b) Cell-mediated immune response
c) Humoral immune response
d) Innate immune response
4. How do RNA viruses replicate in host cells?
a) By directly translating their RNA into proteins
b) By using a reverse transcriptase enzyme to make a DNA copy
c) By integrating their genome into the host cell's DNA
d) By undergoing binary fission
5. Which of the following is an example of a highly contagoius DNA virus that causes cold sores or blisters around the mouth and on the face?
a) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
b) Herpes simplex virus
c) Influenza virus
d) Rabies virus
6. What is the term for a viral infection that displays evident signs and symptoms?
a) Acute infection
b) Chronic infection
c) Latent infection
d) Persistent infection
7. Which type of viral infection remains in a lysogenic state within the host cell or as an episome, with no visible signs and symptoms?
a) Acute infection
b) Chronic infection
c) Latent infection
d) Persistent infection
8. What is secondary viremia?
a) Dissemination of viruses in peripheral blood to distant target tissues
b) The presence of a virus in host cells without symptoms
c) The initial viral infection at the mucosal site
d) The resolution of disease due to immune responses
9. How does symptomatic disease typically resolve after peripheral dissemination of a virus?
a) By viral replication and shedding
b) By direct destruction of virus-infected cells
c) By immunopathologic mechanisms
d) By inflammation
10. What is the term for the integration of the viral genome into the host cell's chromosome during the latent state?
a) Episome
b) Immunopathogenesis
c) Lysogeny
d) Retrovirus
11. What is the term for the process in which viral infection stimulates an immune reaction that cross-reacts with host tissues?
a) Autoimmune pathogenesis
b) Immunosuppression
c) Latency
d) Oncogenesis
12. Which of the following viruses have the ability to stimulate uncontrolled growth of host cells?
a) Latent viruses
b) Lysogenic viruses
c) Oncogenic viruses (oncoviruses)
d) Retroviruses
13. Which type of antibodies are often detected in blood tests for infectious mononucleosis?
a) IgG and IgM antibodies against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
b) IgA antibodies against dengue virus
c) IgE antibodies against rhinovirus
d) IgD antibodies against adenovirus
14. Which virus can cause pneumonia in children and is often associated with outbreaks in daycare settings?
a) Adenovirus
b) Influenza
c) Parainfluenza
d) Rhinovirus
15. Which of the following virus is a leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
a) Adenovirus
b) Metapneumovirus
c) Rhinovirus
d) Respiratory syncytial virus
16. Which of the following virus is Not the common example of Hemorrhagic fever causing viruses?
a) Coronavirus
b) Dengue virus
c) Ebola virus
d) Hanta virus
17. Which of the following virus commonly causes skin and mucous membrane infections?
a) Influenza virus
b) Mumps virus
c) SARS coronavirus
d) Varicella-zoster virus
18) Which of the following RNA virus are a common cause of aseptic (viral) meningitis?
a) Enteroviruses
b) Herpes simplex virus
c) Rhinoviruses
d) Monkeypox virus
19. What is the term for the removal of the viral capsid once the virus has been internalized?
a) Assembly
b) Budding
c) Replication
d) Uncoating
20. Which step of the viral infectious cycle involves the production of nucleic acids and protein polymers?
a) Attachment
b) Penetration
c) Macromolecular synthesis
d) Release
21. What are the structural components of viruses assembled into during viral assembly?
a) Capsids
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosomes
d) Ribosomes
22. Which of the following technique is used to detect influenza viruses that are released by budding with minimal cell destruction?
a) Cell lysis assay
b) Hemagglutination
c) Hemadsorption
d) Immunofluorescent staining
Answers:
1. c) Receptor
2. d) Damage or structural changes in host cells caused by viral infection
3. b) Cell-mediated immune response
4. a) By directly translating their RNA into proteins
5. b) Herpes simplex virus
6. a) Acute infection
7. c) Latent infection
8. a) Dissemination of viruses in peripheral blood to distant target tissues
9. b) By direct destruction of virus-infected cells
10. c) Lysogeny
11. a) Autoimmune pathogenesis
12. c) Oncogenic viruses (oncoviruses)
13. a) IgG and IgM antibodies against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). Serologic tests are useful in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–associated diseases, including infectious mononucleosis.
14. a) Adenovirus
15. d) Respiratory syncytial virus
16. b) Coronavirus
17. d) Varicella-zoster virus
18. a) Enteroviruses. Enteroviruses have a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and are a common cause of aseptic (viral) meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
19. d) Uncoating. It is the process by which the capsid is removed; this may be by degradation of viral enzymes or host enzymes or by simple dissociation. Uncoating is necessary to release the
viral genome for delivery of the viral DNA or RNA to its intracellular site of replication in the nucleus or cytoplasm.
20. c) Macromolecular synthesis. Viral transcription leads to the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA), which encodes early and late viral proteins.
21. a) Capsids.
22. c) Hemadsorption. Hemadsorption is a laboratory technique used to detect influenza viruses, that are released from infected cells by budding with minimal cell destruction.
Comments
Post a Comment