Multiple Choice Questions on Superficial and Cutaneous Fungal Infections
1. All of the following are examples of common superficial mycoses, EXCEPT?
a) Aspergillosis
b) Candidiasis
c) Tinea versicolor
d) Tinea nigra
3-a) T. ovoides
4-b) Common cause of ringworm in humans only
5-b) Trichophyton rubrum, commonly causes dermatophytosis in toe nails of adults.
6-d)Trichophyton spp. They are widely distributed and are the most important and common causes of cutaneous mycoses affecting the feet and nails. Tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea unguium, and tinea barbae are the examples of infections caused by Trichophyton spp.
7-c) Microsporum canis, a fungal pathogen commonly infecting cats.
8-b) Tinea corporis (Ringworm). Tinea corporis presents as circular, red, and scaly lesions on non-hairy skin surfaces. It is commonly known as ringworm and is caused by dermatophytes.
10-b) Epidermaphyton spp
11-b) Hypopigmented and Hyperpigmented irregular scaled macules on the skin, the infection is also known as Tinea versicolor and mostly affects the shoulder and neck area of the human body.
12-a) Trichophyton tonsurans. It is a fungus that causes ringworm infection of the scalp which is common in children and occasionally in adults.
13-c) Tinea capitis. Tinea Capitis on the scalp is a ringworm infection of the scalp that is common in children and women. It is characterized by circular patches with hair loss. It often affects children and is caused by dermatophytes.
14-d) Microsporum canis. M. canis is primarily a pathogen of animals (zoophilic); it is the most common cause of ringworm infection in dogs and cats. Children and adults acquire the disease through contact with infected animals.
15-a) Use of topical ointments such as azole
d) Tinea nigra
2. Which of the following statement regarding Tinea nigra infection is NOT correct?
a) Most prevalent in the tropical and subtropical region
b) Symptoms include pigmented macules on palm and soles
c) Trycophyton spp is the causative fungi
d) Common specimen is skin scrapings
3. The fungi Trichosporon commonly causes superficial infection of hair also called white piedra. Which of the following species of Trichosporon causes scalp hair white piedra?
a) T. ovoides
b) T. inkin
c) T. asahii
d) None of the above
4. All of the following are the characteristics of cutaneous mycoses, EXCEPT?
a) The infection of hair, skin, and nails
b) The common cause of ringworm in humans only
c) Candida spp is associated with the infection
d) The keratinized layer of the skin is prone to the infection
5. A 26-year-old man develops itchy, white flaky, and stingy patches with circle or ring like appearances in between the toe webs and nails of the feet, the infection is characterized by inflammation and skin fissures.
a) Most prevalent in the tropical and subtropical region
b) Symptoms include pigmented macules on palm and soles
c) Trycophyton spp is the causative fungi
d) Common specimen is skin scrapings
3. The fungi Trichosporon commonly causes superficial infection of hair also called white piedra. Which of the following species of Trichosporon causes scalp hair white piedra?
a) T. ovoides
b) T. inkin
c) T. asahii
d) None of the above
4. All of the following are the characteristics of cutaneous mycoses, EXCEPT?
a) The infection of hair, skin, and nails
b) The common cause of ringworm in humans only
c) Candida spp is associated with the infection
d) The keratinized layer of the skin is prone to the infection
5. A 26-year-old man develops itchy, white flaky, and stingy patches with circle or ring like appearances in between the toe webs and nails of the feet, the infection is characterized by inflammation and skin fissures.
Which of the following is the possible etiological agent?
a) Microsporum canis
a) Microsporum canis
b) Trichophyton rubrum
c) Trichophyton equinum
d) Trichophyton tonsurans
6. Which of the following causative agent is associated with Athlete's Foot (Tinea pedis)?
7. A 2-year-old girl develops a rash with raised borders on her face and arms and the source of infection is found to be the pet cat who has the same type of rash on its skin.
c) Trichophyton equinum
d) Trichophyton tonsurans
6. Which of the following causative agent is associated with Athlete's Foot (Tinea pedis)?
a) Epidermophyton
b) Malassezia furfur
c) Microsporum
d) Trichophyton
7. A 2-year-old girl develops a rash with raised borders on her face and arms and the source of infection is found to be the pet cat who has the same type of rash on its skin.
Which of the following fungi could be the common cause of infection?
a) Trichophyton rubrum
b) Trichophyton tonsurans
c) Microsporum canis
d) Candida albicans
8) Which type of infection is characterized by circular, red, scaly lesions on non-hairy skin surfaces?
9) What is the most simple, easy and reliable laboratory method for the isolation of Trichophyton rubrum?
a) Blood culture
b) Serological methods
c) Skin scrapings microscopic examination using KOH
d) Urease test
10) Which of the following dermatophytes does NOT have the spore form characteristic called Microconidia?
a) Microsporum spp
b) Epidermaphyton spp
c) Trichophyton spp
d) Blastomyces spp
11) Which of the following is the correct lesion characteristics of Pityriasis Versicolor?
a) Hypopigmented and hyperpigmented round and smooth macules on the skin
b) Hypopigmented and Hyperpigmented irregular scaled macules on the skin
c) Yellow pigmented patches around fingernails
d) White pigmented patches around the neck and face
12. A 5-year-old kindergartener boy developed a scaling of the scalp with hair fall. After routine fungal examination, ringworm infection of the scalp was confirmed.
a) Trichophyton rubrum
b) Trichophyton tonsurans
c) Microsporum canis
d) Candida albicans
8) Which type of infection is characterized by circular, red, scaly lesions on non-hairy skin surfaces?
a) Tinea capitis
b) Tinea corporis
c) Tinea cruris
d) Tinea pedis
9) What is the most simple, easy and reliable laboratory method for the isolation of Trichophyton rubrum?
a) Blood culture
b) Serological methods
c) Skin scrapings microscopic examination using KOH
d) Urease test
10) Which of the following dermatophytes does NOT have the spore form characteristic called Microconidia?
a) Microsporum spp
b) Epidermaphyton spp
c) Trichophyton spp
d) Blastomyces spp
11) Which of the following is the correct lesion characteristics of Pityriasis Versicolor?
a) Hypopigmented and hyperpigmented round and smooth macules on the skin
b) Hypopigmented and Hyperpigmented irregular scaled macules on the skin
c) Yellow pigmented patches around fingernails
d) White pigmented patches around the neck and face
12. A 5-year-old kindergartener boy developed a scaling of the scalp with hair fall. After routine fungal examination, ringworm infection of the scalp was confirmed.
Which of the following is the possible pathogen?
a) Trichophyton tonsurans
b) Epidermophyton flocossum
c) Trichophyton rubrum
d) Aspergillus terreus
13. What is the most correct name for the fungal infection mentioned above in the above question number 12?
a) Tinea pedis
b) Tinea nigra
c) Tinea capitis
d) Tinea barbae
14. All of the following are common dermatophytes responsible for the nails infection in humans, EXCEPT?
a) Epidermophyton flocossum
b) Trichophyton rubrum
c) Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex
d) Microsporum canis
15. Which of the following is the most common and effective method used for the early treatment and control of localized infection by dermatophytes that do not involve hair and nails?
a) Use of topical ointments such as azole
b) Surgery
c) Intravenous injection with antifungal drugs
d) All of the above
a) Trichophyton tonsurans
b) Epidermophyton flocossum
c) Trichophyton rubrum
d) Aspergillus terreus
13. What is the most correct name for the fungal infection mentioned above in the above question number 12?
a) Tinea pedis
b) Tinea nigra
c) Tinea capitis
d) Tinea barbae
14. All of the following are common dermatophytes responsible for the nails infection in humans, EXCEPT?
a) Epidermophyton flocossum
b) Trichophyton rubrum
c) Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex
d) Microsporum canis
15. Which of the following is the most common and effective method used for the early treatment and control of localized infection by dermatophytes that do not involve hair and nails?
a) Use of topical ointments such as azole
b) Surgery
c) Intravenous injection with antifungal drugs
d) All of the above
16. What is a notable microscopic difference between ectothrix and endothrix patterns in dermatophyte infections?
a) Absence of fungal elements in the hair shaft
b) Formation of spore chains
c) Invasion of hair follicles
d) Presence of conidia on the hair surface
17. What is the common term for a fungal infection of the nails?
a) Candidiasis
b) Onychomycosis
c) Tinea cruris
d) Tinea versicolor
18. Which of the following fungal species is associated with Pityriasis (Tinea) Rosea?
a) Candida albicans
b) Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)
c) Malassezia furfur
d) Trichophyton tonsurans
19. What is the common clinical presentation associated with Epidermophyton floccosum,the only member of the genus Epidermophyton spp ?
a) Onychomycosis
b) Tinea corporis
c) Tinea cruris and tinea pedis
d) Tinea capitis
20. What is a key microscopic feature useful for differentiating Epidermophyton floccosum from Trichophyton spp.?
a) Absence of microconidia
b) Multinucleated conidia
c) Presence of spiral hyphae
d) Thick-walled macroconidia
21. How does the macroconidia morphology of E. floccosum differ from that of Microsporum spp.?
a) Club-shaped, irregular
b) Rough, thick-walled
c) Spiral, multiseptate
d) Smooth, thin-walled
22. How is Microsporum audouinii (cause of tinea capistis) primarily spread among humans?
a) Airborne conidia
b) Contact with infected animals
c) Direct contact with infected hairs on fomites
d) Soil contact
23. What is a characteristic feature of Microsporum canis colonies on culture?
a) Cottony and green with a lemon-yellow fringe
b) Granular or fluffy with a feathery border
c) Powdery and orange with a reddish-brown center
d) Velvety and buff with a white fringe
Multiple Choice Answers:
1-a) Aspergillosis, it is a infection caused by fungus Aspergillus spp that is a common fungal pathogen of pulmonary infection.
2-c) Trycophyton spp is the causative fungi. The causative fungi for Tinea nigra is Hortaea worneckii.
3-a) T. ovoides
4-b) Common cause of ringworm in humans only
5-b) Trichophyton rubrum, commonly causes dermatophytosis in toe nails of adults.
6-d)Trichophyton spp. They are widely distributed and are the most important and common causes of cutaneous mycoses affecting the feet and nails. Tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea unguium, and tinea barbae are the examples of infections caused by Trichophyton spp.
8-b) Tinea corporis (Ringworm). Tinea corporis presents as circular, red, and scaly lesions on non-hairy skin surfaces. It is commonly known as ringworm and is caused by dermatophytes.
9-c) Skin scrapings microscopic examination using KOH. All of the fungi that causes superficial mycoses are usually isolated from skin scrapings.
10-b) Epidermaphyton spp
11-b) Hypopigmented and Hyperpigmented irregular scaled macules on the skin, the infection is also known as Tinea versicolor and mostly affects the shoulder and neck area of the human body.
12-a) Trichophyton tonsurans. It is a fungus that causes ringworm infection of the scalp which is common in children and occasionally in adults.
13-c) Tinea capitis. Tinea Capitis on the scalp is a ringworm infection of the scalp that is common in children and women. It is characterized by circular patches with hair loss. It often affects children and is caused by dermatophytes.
14-d) Microsporum canis. M. canis is primarily a pathogen of animals (zoophilic); it is the most common cause of ringworm infection in dogs and cats. Children and adults acquire the disease through contact with infected animals.
15-a) Use of topical ointments such as azole
16- d) Presence of conidia on the hair surface (ectothrix) or inside the hair shaft (endothrix)
17- b) Onychomycosis. It refers to a fungal infection of the nails. It is a type of cutaneous mycosis affecting the nails and is commonly caused by dermatophytes.
18- c) Malassezia furfur. Pityriasis Rosea is not caused by dermatophytes. Instead, it is associated with Malassezia furfur, a yeast-like fungus.
19- c) Tinea cruris and tinea pedis. E. floccosum, is a common cause of tinea cruris (jock itch) and tinea pedis (athlete's foot). These infections typically affect the groin and foot areas.
20-a) Absence of microconidia. The absence of microconidia is a distinguishing feature of E. floccosum and helps differentiate it from Trichophyton spp.
21-d) Smooth, thin-walled. The macroconidia of E. floccosum are smooth and thin-walled, distinguishing them from the macroconidia of Microsporum spp.
22-c) Direct contact with infected hairs on fomites
23-b) Granular or fluffy with a feathery border
Helminthology questions
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