BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACEUTICS

                                  MCQ with answers on Vaccines, vaccination history  1) When was the smallpox virus first eradicated from the world? a) 1945 b) 1960 c) 1970 d) 1980  2) Antigens are vital components of vaccines, and to enhance immune response and prevent contamination, adjuvants or stabilizers are incorporated during the vaccine manufacturing process. Name the least commonly used adjuvant used in vaccine development. a) Formaldehyde  b) Aluminum sulfate c) Potassium aluminum sulfate d) Aluminum hydroxide 3) Immunization is a crucial and efficient method for safeguarding individuals against various infectious diseases. It encompasses two primary categories: active and passive immunization. All of the following statements are correct about the active and passive immunization process, Except ? a) Both can occur naturally as well as artificially b) Active immunizatio...

                           MCQs on emerging viral infections 1. What are the possible cause of an emerging virus infection?  Select all the correct answers a) Genetic mutation b) Overeating c) Insufficient physical exercise d) Zoonotic transmission (animals to humans) 2. Which of the following measures are the effective preventive measures to control the spread of the emerging viral infections? a) Quarantine and social distancing  b) Receiving the available vaccines c) Surveillance and contact tracing d) All of the above 3. How is the Zika virus primarily transmitted to humans? a) Airborne transmission b) Contact with infected animals c) Mosquito bites  d) Sexual contact 4. Which of the following diseases is associated with severe hemorrhagic fever and has caused outbreaks in Africa? a) Ebola virus disease b) Dengue fever c) Chikungunya fever d) MERS-CoV infection 5. Nipah virus outbreaks are linked to ...

                                         MCQs on Nipah virus with a clinical case 1. A 41 year old male fruit farmer residing in rural village Kerala, India comes to the local health clinic with a high fever, severe headache, and dizziness that he says started a week ago. He has been experiencing vomiting and muscle pain with difficulty in breathing. Upon examination, the healthcare provider notices the patient has a high fever of 39.5°C (103.1°F), he exhibits signs of confusion and disorientation. His breathing is labored, and has a cough. He has been experiencing vomiting and diarrhea, complains of severe muscle pain and weakness. His wife informs the examiner that there has been an outbreak of an unknown illness in their village, and some of their neighbors have fallen ill as well.  Blood sample is taken for bacterial culture, and to check virus antibodies and antigens. Serol...

                         Multiple Choice Questions on Bile Acid Metabolism 1) Most of the plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver.  Which of the following plasma protein is not synthesized in the liver? a) Albumin b) Transferrin c) Ceruloplasmin d) von Willebrand factor 2) Which of the following is not the metabolic function of the liver? a) Synthesis and assembly of chylomicrons b) Synthesis and secretion of bile acids c) Synthesis and breakdown of glycogen d) Gluconeogenesis 3) Bile acids are conjugated to amino acids or taurine to form bile salts.  Which of the following amino acid is utilized for conjugation reaction? a) Alanine b) Glycine c)Valine d)Leucine 4) Cholic acid and Chenodeoxycholic acid are the primary bile acid synthesized in the liver.  The bile acid is converted into secondary bile acids (eg. deoxycholic acid) by ............................................................. a) E...