Pharmacology of Renal System and Diuretics
Multiple Choice Question
1) Osmotic diuretics are contraindicated in
a) Increased intracranial tensionb) Increased intraocular tension
c) Established acute renal failure
d) Poisonings
2) The antidiuretic action of Desmopressin is due to activation of:
a) V 1a receptorb) V 2 receptor
c) V 1b receptor
d) V1 and V2 receptor
3) Furosemide increases the excretion of all of the followings except
a) Sodiumb) Potassium
c) Uric acid
d) Calcium and magnesium
4) A group of college students is planning a mountain climbing trip. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for them to take to prevent mountain sickness?
a) Acetazolamideb) Furosemide
c) Hydrochlorothiazide
d) Spironolactone
5) Drug of choice for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is:
a) Lypressinb) Terlipressin
c) Desmopressin
d) Vasopressin
6) Which of the following agent is most effective in the treatment of hepatic edema?
a) Chlorthalidoneb) Triamterene
c) Furosemide
d) Spironolactone
7) All of the following drugs are nephrotoxic except
a) Amphotericinb) Lithium
c) Metronidazole
d) Cocaine
8) The dose related toxicity of loop diuretics is:
a) Allergic reactionb) Deafness
c) Hypomagnesemia
d) Hyperuricemia
9) Aminoglycosides induced nephrotoxicity is in the order of
a) Gentamicin> Tobramycin>Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycinb) Streptomycin > Tobramycin >Amikacin>Netilmicin > Gentamicin
c) Gentamicin > Amikacin > Netilmicin > Tobramycin > Streptomycin
d) Tobramycin > Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycin > Gentamicin
10) All of the followings are non-renal actions of anti-diuretic hormone except
a) a neurotransmitter in central nervous systemb) promotes haemostasis
c) is a potent vasoconstrictor
d) increases the permeability of the membrane to water
11) Which of the following drugs is used for urinary incontinence?
a) Flavoxate
b) Sodium citrate
c) Trimethoprim
d) Phenazopyridine
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypoglycemia
b) Chlorothiazide
c) Furosemide
d) Ethacrynic acid
b) Lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
c) Congestive heart failure
d) a and b
e) a, b and c
b) Sodium citrate
c) Trimethoprim
d) Phenazopyridine
12) Concurrent use of Spironolactone & ACE inhibitors should be avoided because of danger of –
a) Hyperglycemiab) Hyperkalemia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypoglycemia
13) Following diuretic promotes calcium reabsorption:
a) Spironolactoneb) Chlorothiazide
c) Furosemide
d) Ethacrynic acid
14) Following are the uses of Amiloride except
a) Adjunct to K+ wasting diureticsb) Lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
c) Congestive heart failure
d) a and b
e) a, b and c
15) Which one of the following diuretics is effective in severe renal failure?
a) Loop diuretics
b) K+ sparing diuretics
c) Thiazides
d) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
b) To maintain osmotic balance, water is retained in the urine
c) Their presence leads to an increase in the osmolarity of the filtrate
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
b) Spironolactone: potassium sparing diuretics
c) Hydrochlorothiazide: inhibit sodium chloride symporter
d) Bumetanide: inhibits NA+/K+/2Cl- cotransport
b) Bedwetting in children
c) Bleeding esophageal varices
d) Hemophilia
b) Lypressin
c) Desmopressin
d) None of the above
b) Deafness
c) Distal nephron hypertrophy
d) Renal insufficiency
b) K+ sparing diuretics
c) Thiazides
d) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
16) Following statements about osmotic diuretics is true except
a) Mannitol gets filtered in glomerulus, but cannot be reabsorbedb) To maintain osmotic balance, water is retained in the urine
c) Their presence leads to an increase in the osmolarity of the filtrate
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
17) Which of the following drug and its mechanism of action is not correct?
a) Acetazolamide: epithelial sodium channel blockersb) Spironolactone: potassium sparing diuretics
c) Hydrochlorothiazide: inhibit sodium chloride symporter
d) Bumetanide: inhibits NA+/K+/2Cl- cotransport
18) Based on V2 receptor, followings are the therapeutic uses of vasopressin except:
a) Diabetes insipidusb) Bedwetting in children
c) Bleeding esophageal varices
d) Hemophilia
19) Which of the following is a synthetic prodrug of vasopressin?
a) Terlipressinb) Lypressin
c) Desmopressin
d) None of the above
20) Long term use of loop diuretics causes ………………….
a) Cirrhosis of liverb) Deafness
c) Distal nephron hypertrophy
d) Renal insufficiency
Multiple Choice Answers
1-c) Established acute renal failure
2-b) V 2 receptor
3-c) Uric acid
4-a) Acetazolamide
5-c) Desmopressin
6-d) Spironolactone
7-c) Metronidazole
8-b) Deafness
9-a) Gentamicin> Tobramycin>Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycin
10-d) increases the permeability of the membrane to water
11-a) Flavoxate
12-b) Hyperkalemia
13-b) Chlorothiazide
14-d) a and b
15-a) Loop diuretics
16-d) All of the above
17-a) Acetazolamide: epithelial sodium channel blockers
18)-c) Bleeding esophageal varices
19-a) Terlipressin
20-c) Distal nephron hypertrophy