Pharmacology of Renal System and Diuretics: MCQ

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Pharmacology of Renal System and Diuretics
Multiple Choice Question

1) Osmotic diuretics are contraindicated in...........................................?

a) Increased intracranial tension
b) Increased intraocular tension
c) Established acute renal failure
d) Poisonings

2) The antidiuretic action of Desmopressin is due to activation of...........................................?

a) V 1a receptor
b) V 2 receptor
c) V 1b receptor
d) V1 and V2 receptor

3) Furosemide increases the excretion of all of the following except

a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Uric acid
d) Calcium and magnesium

4) A group of college students is planning a mountain climbing trip. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for them to take to prevent mountain sickness?

a) Acetazolamide
b) Furosemide
c) Hydrochlorothiazide
d) Spironolactone

5) Drug of choice for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is:

a) Lypressin
b) Desmopressin
c) Terlipressin
d) Vasopressin

6) Which of the following agent is most effective in the treatment of hepatic edema?

a) Chlorthalidone
b) Triamterene
c) Furosemide
d) Spironolactone

7) All of the following drugs are nephrotoxic except

a) Amphotericin
b) Lithium
c) Metronidazole
d) Cocaine

8) The symptoms related to the toxicity of loop diuretics is:

a) Allergic reaction
b) Deafness
c) Hypomagnesemia
d) Hyperuricemia

9) Aminoglycosides induced nephrotoxicity is in the order of

a) Gentamicin> Tobramycin>Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycin
b) Streptomycin > Tobramycin >Amikacin>Netilmicin > Gentamicin
c) Gentamicin > Amikacin > Netilmicin > Tobramycin > Streptomycin
d) Tobramycin > Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycin > Gentamicin

10) All of the followings are non-renal actions of anti-diuretic hormone except

a) a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
b) promotes hemostasis
c) is a potent vasoconstrictor
d) increases the permeability of the membrane to water

11) Which of the following drugs is used for urinary incontinence? 

a) Flavoxate
b) Sodium citrate
c) Trimethoprim
d) Phenazopyridine

12) Concurrent use of Spironolactone & ACE inhibitors should be avoided because of the danger of –

a) Hyperglycemia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypoglycemia

13) The following diuretic promotes calcium reabsorption:

a) Spironolactone
b) Furosemide
c) Chlorothiazide
d) Ethacrynic acid

14) Following are the uses of Amiloride, except?

a) Adjunct to K+ wasting diuretics
b) Lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
c) Congestive heart failure
d) a and b
e) a, b and c

15) Which one of the following diuretics is effective in severe renal failure? 
a) Loop diuretics
b) K+ sparing diuretics
c) Thiazides
d) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

16) Following statements about osmotic diuretics are true, except?

a) Mannitol gets filtered in the glomerulus, but cannot be reabsorbed
b) To maintain osmotic balance, water is retained in the urine
c) Their presence leads to an increase in the osmolarity of the filtrate
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

17) Which of the following drug and their mechanism of action is not correct?

a) Acetazolamide: epithelial sodium channel blockers
b) Spironolactone: potassium-sparing diuretics
c) Hydrochlorothiazide: inhibit sodium chloride symporter
d) Bumetanide: inhibits NA+/K+/2Cl- cotransport

18) Based on the V2 receptor, followings are the therapeutic uses of vasopressin, except:

a) Diabetes insipidus
b) Bedwetting in children
c) Bleeding esophageal varices
d) Hemophilia

19) Which of the following is a synthetic prodrug of vasopressin?

a) Lypressin
b)Terlipressin
c) Desmopressin
d) None of the above

20) Long-term use of loop diuretics causes …………………................?

a) Cirrhosis of liver
b) Deafness
c) Distal nephron hypertrophy
d) Renal insufficiency

Multiple Choice Answers:
1-c) Established acute renal failure
2-b) V 2 receptor
3-c) Uric acid
4-a) Acetazolamide
5-b) Desmopressin
6-d) Spironolactone
7-c) Metronidazole 
8-b) Deafness
9-a) Gentamicin> Tobramycin>Amikacin>Netilmicin> Streptomycin
10-d) increases the permeability of the membrane to water 
11-a) Flavoxate
12-b) Hyperkalemia
13-c) Chlorothiazide
14-d) a, and b
15-a) Loop diuretics
16-d) All of the above
17-a) Acetazolamide: epithelial sodium channel blockers
18)-c) Bleeding esophageal varices 
19-b) Terlipressin 
20-c) Distal nephron hypertrophy

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