Laboratory diagnosis of the diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses- specimen collection, culture methods and identification

 

MCQ on Laboratory diagnosis of the diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses

1) Select all the important procedures that are required when performing the routine collection method of microbial specimens

a. A specimen should be collected in a sterile container

b. A specimen should be properly labeled with the patient's name, date, and time of collection

c. A specimen should be collected by using a sterile cotton swab or collection needles 

d. A specimen should be collected after the start of antibiotic therapy 

2) Which of the following is the correct volume size of blood specimen taken for the routine laboratory diagnosis of the infection and the identification of the possible pathogen?

a. 1 ml

b. 10 ml     

c. 20 ml

d. 0.5 ml

3) Which of the following specimens are appropriate clinical specimens and are commonly used for the proper diagnosis of Salmonellosis? 

Select all the correct options

a. Blood specimen     

b. Throat swab

c. Urine specimen

d. Stool specimen     

4) Which of the following specimen collection procedure can give accurate results for the laboratory diagnosis of Tuberculosis?

a. Throat swab specimen each morning for 3 consecutive days

b. Sputum specimen each morning for 3 consecutive days      

c. Blood specimens once a week for 2 weeks

d. Skin biopsy test before the start of antibiotics therapy

5) Name the routine method used for the direct microscopic examination of a urine sample taken from a person suspected of urinary tract infection?

a. Wet mount method

b. Hanging drop method

c. Thin and thick smear method

d. Widal test method

6) Herpes simplex virus is one of the contagious viral diseases, HSV 1 is can spread from person to person. 

Which of the following cells appear as multinucleated cells taken from the lesion specimen and can be observed by the direct microscopy method?

a. 

b. Buruli ulcer cells

c. Schizont cells

d. Tzanck cells     

7) Which of the following temperature can be optimal for the storage of swab specimens taken from the Coronavirus infected patient while performing the Covid-19 test method? 

a. 2 to 4 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours after the specimen collection

b. 25 degrees celsius for up to 3 days after the specimen collection

c. 2 to 4 degrees Celsius for up to 72 hours after the specimen collection     

d. 5 to 10 degrees Celsius for up to a week after the specimen collection

8) Which of the following microorganism can be detected by their ability to produce a toxin and can be identified by Elek's test method?

a. Cryptococcus neoformans

b. Corynebacterium diphtheria     

c. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

d. Bacillus anthracis

9) Which of the following chemical compound is commonly used to clean and decontaminate the infected skin area or nail before the collection of the specimens and for the laboratory diagnosis?

a. Iodine solution

b. KOH solution

c. Warm water

d. 70% alcohol     

10) Which of the following is the most widely used test for the detection of genetic material in the Covid-19 swab sample?

a. PCR test (Polymerase chain reaction)      

b. Western blot test

c. ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)

d. Animal inoculation test

11) Which of the following specimen is collected for the isolation and identification of the microorganism that causes meningitis?

a. Throat swab

b. Hair and skin samples

c. Cerebrospinal fluid

d. Urine specimen

12) Direct microscopy is a common laboratory diagnosis procedure performed for the detection of spores or mycelia present in fungi. 

Select all the correct methods or steps for the procedure

a. 1- 2 drops of potassium hydroxide are added to the slide that contains the specimen (skin, hair, or sputum) 

b. The slide is covered with the coverslip

c. The slide is kept in the refrigerator for 15 minutes to digest the keratin present in a specimen

d. The slide is observed under the microscope

13) Name all the different types of cell culture methods most frequently used in the isolation of a virus

a. Animal inoculation

b. Tissue culture

c. Embroynated eggs

d. Agar culture media

14) A blood smear is considered the gold standard diagnosis for the diagnosis of the malarial parasite,

what type of stain is commonly used for the easy identification of the material parasite and detection of the life stages of the parasite?

a. Lactophenol cotton blue

b. Giemsa stain

c. Gram stain

d. Malachite green 

15) Select all the different laboratory techniques and methods used for the identification of different microorganisms

a. Microscopic methods

b. Culture methods

c. Serological methods

d. Animal inoculation

e. Antigen detection test

f. Molecular methods

Answers:

1) a., b., and c

2) 10 ml

3) a.Blood specimen and d. Stool specimen

4) Sputum specimen each morning for 3 consecutive days

5) Wet mount method

6) d. Tzanck cells

7) c. 2 to 4 degrees Celsius for up to 72 hours after the specimen collection 

8) b. Corynebacterium diptheriae

9) d. 70% alcohol

10) a. PCR test

11) c. Cerebrospinal fluid

12) a., b., and d. are the correct answers. 

The option c) is incorrect, the slide should be heated gently over the flame to digest the keratin

13) a., b., and c. are the correct answers. 

The option d) is incorrect, because virus cultivation is very difficult in artificial culture media (solid agar culture media) 

14) b. Giemsa stain

15) All of the options, a) to f)