MCQ on Systemic Mycoses (Medical Mycology) Coccidioides spp, Histoplasma spp, Cryptococcus spp

Multiple Choice Question  on Systemic Mycoses 

1) All of the following are the characteristics of systemic mycoses/deep mycosis, EXCEPT?
a) Most of the dimorphic fungi cause the infection
b) Pathogenesis mostly occurs due to the inhalation of spores
c) Opportunistic fungal infections are the only example of deep mycosis
d) Aspergillosis and mucormycosis are systemic mycoses

2) Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that exists as yeast or mold depending upon its growth temperature, all of the following are the characteristics of the yeast form of B. dermatitidis, EXCEPT?
a) The incubation temperature is 25-degree Celsius
b) It reproduces by the formation of blastoconidia
c) The cells are spherical in shape with a thick double layer wall
d) Amphotericin is the drug of choice

3) Coccidioidomycosis has the lesions the same as that of the lesion caused by which of the following infections?

a) Sporotrichosis
b) Brucellosis
c) Syphilis
d) Candidiasis

4) Which of the following statement is true for the direct examination of sputum or tissue sample taken from coccidioidomycosis?
a) Identification of budding yeast with its pseudohyphae
b) The detection of spherules with endospores in sputum or tissue
c) The saprophytic phase is observed as septate mycelium with pyriform conidia
d) Tuberculate microconidia are observed in culture

5) What is the other name for coccidioidomycosis?
a) Yellow fever
b) San Joaquin Valley fever
c) Rocky mountain fever
d) Relapsing fever

6) A farmer residing in the Midwest of America developed flu-like symptoms with fever, headache, muscle pain, and cough for a week. Swabs specimens and the sputum sample were taken, radiography examination was also performed which showed diffused bilateral pneumonia. After a week of culture, white mold colonies were observed with large and small conidia. 

Name the possible pathogen responsible for this type of infection?
a) Coccidioidomycosis
b) Sporotrichosis
c) Histoplasmosis
d) Blastomycoses

7) What is the most common source for the transfer of the above disease(question 6) to humans?
a) Hen
b) Horse
c) Cow
d) Pig

8) Which of the following is the usual route of infection for histoplasmosis?
a) Nose
b) Skin Wound
c) Both of the above
d) None of the above

9) All of the following statements are true about Histoplasmosis duboisii, EXCEPT?
a) Mostly affects the skin and bone
b) This type of infection is confined to African regions
c) The usual entry of pathogen is through the skin abrasions
d) None of the above

10) Which of the following animal is most susceptible to Blastomycoses?
a) Dogs
b) Pigs
c) Hens
d) Pigeons

11) Which of the following pathogen isolated from the sputum specimen shows mold growth with tuberculate macroconidia and oval microconidia in the laboratory culture media?
a) Histoplasma capsulatum
b) Coccidioides immitis
c) Blastomyces dermatitidis
d) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

12) Which of the following pathogen causes the fungal infection known as South American Blastomycosis?
a) Histoplasma duboisii
b) Blastomyces dermatitidis
c) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 
d) Coccidioides immitis

13) Which of the following fungi is a common opportunistic pathogen that can cause meningitis in HIV infected patients?
a) Rickettsia spp
b) Mucor spp
c) Candida spp
d) Cryptococcus spp

e) Penicillium spp

14) Which of the following pathogen is found in soil having high nitrogen content?
a) Histoplasma capsulatum
b) Blastomyces dermatitidis
c) Aspergillus niger
d) Coccidioides immitis

15) Which type of fungal spores is produced by Coccidioides immitis?
a) Macroconidia
b) Arthroconidia
c) Chlamydospores
d) Sporangia

16) Which of the following is Not the common specimen taken for the diagnosis of Cryptococcus spp?

a) Urine

b) Sputum

c) Skin tissues

d) Cerebrospinal fluid

e) Blood

17) All of the following fungi are common laboratory contaminants and an important part of the medical mycology which causes systemic infection, Except?

a) Penicillium spp 

b) Cryptococcus spp

c) Aspergillus spp

d) Mucor spp

e) Rhizopus spp

18) Thousands of people in the western part of the USA suddenly developed flu or pneumonia-like symptoms in the year 1992, the causative agent was found to be fungal spores. After inhalation of the spores present in the soil and air, people in the area suffered from fever, cough, and fatigue. 

The disease has been termed ' valley fever ', name the possible pathogen for this type of infection?

a) Aspergillus niger

b) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

c) Blastomyces dermatitidis

d) Coccidioides immitis

19) The combination of Christensen's urea agar is useful in the isolation and identification of which of the following fungi?

a) Cryptococcus spp

b) Histoplasma spp and Blastomyces spp

c) Malassezia furfur

d) Penicillium spp and Candida spp

20) Which of the following fungal infection is most common in dogs?

a) Coccidioidomycosis

b) Histoplasmosis

c) Blastomycosis

d) Sporotrichosis

21) Which of the following fungi cause systemic fungal infections that are dimorphic fungi? 

Select all the correct answers:

a) Blastomyces spp

b) Coccidioides spp

c) Histoplasma spp

d) Cryptococcus spp

22) Zygomycosis/ Mucormycosis is a systemic mycosis most often seen in which of the following patients?

a) Diabetic patient

b) Arthritis patient

c) High blood pressure patient

d) Migraine patient

Answers:

1-c)  Opportunistic fungal infections are the only example of deep mycosis
2-a) The incubation temperature is 25-degree Celsius
3-c) Syphilis
4-b) The detection of spherules with endospores in sputum or tissue
5-b) San Joaquin Valley fever
6-c) Histoplasmosis
7-a) Hen
8-a) Nose
9-c) The usual entry of pathogen is through the skin abrasions
10-a) Dogs
11-a) Histoplasma capsulatum
12-c) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 
13-d) Cryptococcus spp
14-a) Histoplasma capsulatum 
15-b) Arthroconidia

16-c) Skin tissues

17- b) Cryptococcus spp

18- d) C. immitis

19- a) Cryptococcus spp

20- c) Blastomycosis

21- a)  Blastomyces spp, b) Coccidioides spp, and c) Histoplasma spp

22- a) Diabetic patient